For people who have speech disabilities, this may include providing a qualified speech-to-speech transliterator (a person trained to recognize unclear speech and repeat it clearly), especially if the person will be speaking at length, such as giving testimony in court, or just taking more time to communicate with someone who uses a communication board.A “qualified” interpreter means someone who is able to interpret effectively, accurately, and impartially, both receptively (i.e., understanding what the person with the disability is saying) and expressively (i.e., having the skill needed to convey information back to that person) using any necessary specialized vocabulary. For people who are deaf, have hearing loss, or are deaf-blind, this includes providing a qualified notetaker a qualified sign language interpreter, oral interpreter, cued-speech interpreter, or tactile interpreter real-time captioning written materials or a printed script of a stock speech (such as given on a museum or historic house tour).A “qualified” reader means someone who is able to read effectively, accurately, and impartially, using any necessary specialized vocabulary. For people who are blind, have vision loss, or are deaf-blind, this includes providing a qualified reader information in large print, Braille, or electronically for use with a computer screen-reading program or an audio recording of printed information.The ADA uses the term “auxiliary aids and services” (“aids and services”) to refer to the ways to communicate with people who have communication disabilities. The rules apply to communicating with the person who is receiving the covered entity’s goods or services as well as with that person’s parent, spouse, or companion in appropriate circumstances.The key to communicating effectively is to consider the nature, length, complexity, and context of the communication and the person’s normal method(s) of communication.Covered entities must provide auxiliary aids and services when needed to communicate effectively with people who have communication disabilities.The purpose of the effective communication rules is to ensure that the person with a vision, hearing, or speech disability can communicate with, receive information from, and convey information to, the covered entity. This publication is designed to help title II and title III entities (“covered entities”) understand how the rules for effective communication, including rules that went into effect on March 15, 2011, apply to them. The goal is to ensure that communication with people with these disabilities is equally effective as communication with people without disabilities. The ADA requires that title II entities (State and local governments) and title III entities (businesses and nonprofit organizations that serve the public) communicate effectively with people who have communication disabilities. For example, people who are blind may give and receive information audibly rather than in writing and people who are deaf may give and receive information through writing or sign language rather than through speech. People who have vision, hearing, or speech disabilities (“communication disabilities”) use different ways to communicate. These requirements, or rules, clarify and refine issues that have arisen over the past 20 years and contain new, and updated, requirements, including the 2010 Standards for Accessible Design (2010 Standards). The Department of Justice published revised final regulations implementing the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) for title II (State and local government services) and title III (public accommodations and commercial facilities) on September 15, 2010, in the Federal Register.
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